Alec, I’m sorry you’re having all of these problems. I wish there was some magic that would help.
The Mavericks-XCode5 issue shows when you look at the Mac’s Console app. Running 1202 you will get this error:
11/9/13 1:19:23.776 PM taskgated[13]: killed Orientation[pid 2489] because its use of the keychain-access-groups entitlement is not allowed (error code -67030)
This error occurs because pre-Mavericks, it was okay to run an app in the XCode simulator that was signed in a particular way. Mavericks changed this behavior and this is what we fixed in the daily builds, so that on Mavericks we changed how we sign the apps for the Simulator the way Xcode expects it.
We also have noticed that the IPhone Configuration Utility (which many people use to install apps to their device) seems to have issues on Mavericks. There is another thread about this. Engineering points to these two links:
http://forums.macrumors.com/showthread.php?t=1662524
https://discussions.apple.com/message/23562825#23562825
For workarounds. If you are using the iPhone Configuration Utility those links might help, but I highly recommend only using XCode’s Organizer to install things since it gives better error messages.
Now your issues are something that is different. There have been a few people after upgrading to Mavericks who had problems installing on device. So far you’re the only person that cleaning out the provisioning profiles and key chain hasn’t fixed. So let me try to summarize where you are:
1. You cannot build for the XCode simulator with 1202 on Mavericks. This is expected.
2. You can build for an iOS 7 iPhone with no difficulties.
3. You cannot build for an iOS 6 iPad.
Has the iPad been plugged into the Mac and from XCode’s organizer and you’ve told it to use that iPad for development?
Have you tried to create an AdHoc Distribution profile specifically for your app? I’ve never had a lot of luck using the Team profile. Making sure you have your devices in there. Download the profile and manually move it to ~/Library/MobileDevice/Provisioning\ Profiles/
Restart Corona SDK (Oh side note, after cleaning up all your keys and such, did you reboot?) and try building with the specific provisioning profile for your app?
Rob